Sir Ralph Halpern, the creator of Topshop and a driving force in British retail during the 70s and 80s, has died at the age of 83.
The son of Jewish émigrés who fled from Nazi oppression, Halpern started his career as a trainee at Selfridges but went on to preside over a huge expansion of Burton.
At its peak the wider Burton group included many of the brands that would later form part of Arcadia, plus the department store chain Debenhams and the luxury retailer Harvey Nichols.